All Research News articles – Page 42
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NewsTropical trees are more neighborly, study suggests
Tropical trees are better neighbors than trees in temperate forests, according to a new study. Trees growing closer to the equator have more positive interactions with their neighbors, which may help explain why tropical forests are home to so many tree species.
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NewsImmunogenicity and safety of an Escherichia coli-produced 9-valent HPV vaccine in adolescents compared with young women
Based on new findings, the National Medical Products Administration of China has approved a two-dose immunization schedule for the domestically produced 9-valent HPV vaccine in girls aged 9 to 17 years.
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NewsAtomic-level structure of a giant virus revealed
Researchers have successfully determined, for the first time, the capsid structure of Melbournevirus—a member of the giant virus family—at a resolution of 4.4 Å using cryo-electron microscopy.
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NewsRethinking the gut microbiome: Health is not about staying the same
Despite decades of research into the gut microbiome, microbiome-based interventions such as probiotics or fecal transplants still produce inconsistent results. Scientists suggest part of the problem may lie not in the microbiome itself, but in how we define what it means to be ‘healthy’.
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NewsAfrican swine fever: a novel model for assessing transmission between domestic pigs and wild boar
Researchers have developed an innovative multi-host epidemiological model for African swine fever incorporating both pig farms and wild boar habitats and calibrated using empirical outbreak data. The model uses detailed data from the first phase of the Romanian epidemic.
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NewsEnzyme produced by fungus may replace chemicals in the paper industry
Fungal xylanase can be obtained by cultivating the microorganism in sugarcane bagasse or wheat bran. The solution is a non-polluting alternative for bleaching cellulose pulp, which currently uses a toxic chemical.
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NewsPueraria lobata decoction-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles reveal a novel mechanism for ulcerative colitis treatment
By simulating the traditional decoction process, researchers successfully isolated structurally intact GGD-PDVLNs from dried Pueraria lobata after boiling. These nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable stability in simulated gastric acid and intestinal fluids.
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NewsAstragalus polysaccharide-linked exosomes “wake up” latent HIV-1 by flipping a key cellular switch
“Shock-and-kill” strategies aim to reactivate latent virus so infected cells become visible to immune clearance or additional therapies. In a new study, researchers investigated whether exosomes could mediate HIV latency reversal after exposure to Astragalus polysaccharide (APS).
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NewsPhase I study for human monoclonal antibody for Lyme disease demonstrates safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics
A Phase I clinical trial of a human monoclonal antibody discovered and developed for the prevention of Lyme disease in the U.S. was well tolerated and showed lasting serum concentrations in participants, according to data.
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NewsHow microbes survive in the plastisphere
Trillions of persistent plastic particles of varying sizes are scattered throughout the world’s oceans, where they often accumulate in ocean gyres known as ‘garbage patches’. Two of these regions were the focus of research expeditions.
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NewsBird flu spread could be impacted by where waterfowl like to live
The movement patterns of waterfowl, including ducks, swans and geese, may affect the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza in bird populations. Researchers found that birds travel much shorter distances in areas with human activity.
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NewsThree-dimensional microscopy reveals how tick-borne virus replicates
Researchers show how tick‑borne viruses remodel human cells into virus factories, using an advanced microscopy method. The findings provide new insight into how the virus replicates and matures, knowledge that may become important for future treatments against TBE.
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NewsUnlocking how dogs’ fungal ear infections evade treatment points vets to drug stewardship
Mutations in a key protein make a yeast found in dogs with common outer ear infections more resistant to the topical antifungals used to treat it, veterinarians and pathobiologists found in a new study.
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NewsTurmeric/ginger extract shows multiple benefits for bone implants
An extract of turmeric and ginger helps bone implants bond strongly while killing bacteria and cancer cells, according to new research with implications for millions of patients with joint replacements and bone cancer.
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NewsLoss of microbiota alters the profile of cells that protect the intestinal wall
Experiments in mice and human tissue indicate that a reduction in bacteria living in the large intestine decreases mucus production and affects nutrient absorption, particularly in older adults.
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NewsHIV infections would increase by 10% average if CDC funding for HIV testing ends, study predicts
Researchers used a computer model to quantify the effect of funding cuts for HIV testing. They estimate that HIV infections could increase an average of 10% in 18 U.S. states if this funding is interrupted or ended.
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NewsNew biochar composite tackles arsenic pollution and methane emissions in rice paddies
Rice paddies feed more than half of the world’s population, yet they are also hotspots for toxic arsenic contamination and greenhouse gas emissions. A promising solution that addresses both problems at once uses an engineered biochar material enhanced with titanium dioxide.
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NewsCorner-loving single-celled microorganism uses geometry to sense its world
A surprising observation in the lab has revealed a remarkable ability in Stentor coeruleus, a single-celled organism about one millimeter long. Sometimes nicknamed the “platypus” of microorganisms for its trumpet-like shape, this tiny creature appears to have a distinct preference for corners.
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NewsBacteria incorporate forever chemicals into cell membrane molecules
New research shows that bacteria incorporate polyfluoroalkyl carboxylates—a type of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)—into the molecules that make up their cell membranes.
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NewsMicroscopic coils and coffee trees lead to an amazing new fungal discovery
A new study has revealed two novel species of Neohelicomyces fungi: Neohelicomyces coffeae and Neohelicomyces puerensis. While studying the fungi that live on Coffea arabica, researchers spotted these unique organisms growing on dead coffee branches.