All USA & Canada articles – Page 10
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NewsSimple rules govern soil microbiome responses to environmental change
New research shows that a deceptively simple mathematical model can describe how the soil responds to environmental change. Using just two variables, the model shows that changes in pH levels consistently result in three distinct metabolic states of the community.
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NewsHidden bacterial redundancy could be antibiotic game-changer
Staphylococcus aureus possesses a surprising level of metabolic redundancy, allowing it to survive even when key enzymes are knocked out, a new study finds. However, when two specific enzymes are removed, staph doesn’t infect its host as readily.
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NewsRNA viruses may differentially shape carbon recycling in the ocean
A new study has uncovered that certain ocean viruses—specifically RNA viruses—may disrupt how carbon and nutrients are recycled in the ocean, potentially altering the global carbon cycle.
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NewsHow superfungus Candida auris rebuilds its cell walls to withstand antifungal treatment
A groundbreaking study has revealed how the multidrug-resistant superfungus Candida auris uniquely reconstructs its cell wall to survive antifungal treatments.
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NewsResearchers uncover the antiviral potential of defensins
Scientists have discovered that certain defensins - tiny proteins with powerful antimicrobial potential - could block the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) from entering human cells.
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NewsMichael Danquah named Fellow of Royal Society of Biology
Michael Danquah, a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the associate dean for academic and student affairs at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, has been elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology.
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NewsAI finds hundreds of potential antibiotics in snake and spider venom
Researchers used a deep-learning system to sift through a database of more than 40 million venom encrypted peptides (VEPs). In a matter of hours, the algorithm flagged 386 compounds with the molecular hallmarks of next-generation antibiotics.
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NewsReview suggests ending adult boosters for tetanus, diphtheria
The United States could safely drop tetanus and diphtheria booster shots for adults and save an estimated $1 billion a year, according to a new review. The safety and savings depend on maintaining strong childhood vaccination rates, researchers emphasized.
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NewsNighttime pistachio snacking may reshape gut microbiome in prediabetic adults
A new study has determined that nighttime pistachio consumption affects gut bacteria in adults with prediabetes. The potential therapeutic implications of the findings may prove significant for people who are working to improve their metabolic health.
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NewsUnprecedented acidification ahead for Hawaiian corals
A new study has revealed that unprecedented levels of ocean acidification are expected around the main Hawaiian Islands within the next three decades.
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NewsTB bacteria play possum to evade vaccines
Scientists studied how the TB bacterium evades an immune system primed to destroy it. Their genetic study in mice reveals that TB bacteria can essentially play dead to outlast the immune response.
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NewsNew study finds evidence of hepatitis C virus in cells lining human brain
Observational studies of psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have long tied viral infections with behavioral symptoms in these disorders. Scientists have now found a connection in the form of hepatitis C virus in the human brain’s choroid plexus.
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NewsEmerging viral threats combatted by a potent new dual lipid kinase inhibitor
Lipid kinases play a critical role in cell signalling and membrane trafficking by phosphorylating lipid molecules in the body. The inhibition of two of these lipid kinases, PIKfyve and PIP4K2C, could be beneficial in the treatment of diseases, particularly emerging viruses.
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NewsEarly antibiotics alter immune function in infants- but a gut-derived molecule could help restore it
A new study has found that early-life exposure to antibiotics can impair an infant’s developing immune system, and that a naturally occurring metabolite may hold the key to reversing that damage.
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NewsAcupuncture eases opioid therapy, rebalancing gut microbiota, study shows
Acupuncture significantly lowers methadone doses for people undergoing treatment for opioid use disorder, while restoring antiviral immune responses and rebalancing gut microbiota and metabolism, according to a new study.
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NewsScientists discover compounds that help cells fight a wide range of viruses
Researchers have identified compounds that can fight off viral infection by activating a defense pathway inside host cells. These compounds, they believe, could be used as antiviral drugs that work against not just one but any kind of virus.
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NewsTheory for aerosol droplets from contaminated bubbles bursting gives insight into spread of pollution and infectious disease
Researchers have conducted a systematic study to investigate bubble bursting jets – aerosol particles sprayed when bubble surfaces rupture – when surface contaminants are present.
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NewsLong Covid lessons: New cell therapy boosts immune recovery in cats with severe coronavirus
Feline infectious peritonitis is a serious and historically fatal disease in cats caused by a coronavirus. Scientists have found that mesenchymal stromal cells, or MSC therapy, in combination with antiviral drugs, helped cats’ immune systems recover and reduced systemic inflammation.
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NewsAnswers to existence of alien life might be found in Earth’s deep-sea volcanoes
NASA has awarded microbiologist James Holden $621,000 to spend the next three years using his expertise to help predict what life on Jupiter’s moon Europa might look like. For that, Holden turned to an unexpected place: the volcanoes a mile beneath our own oceans.
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NewsScientist’s cat on the hunt helps to discover a second new virus
Pepper, the pet cat who made headlines last year for his role in the discovery of the first jeilongvirus found in the U.S., is at it again. This time, his hunting prowess contributed to the identification of a new strain of orthoreovirus.