All USA & Canada articles – Page 34
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NewsDecades-long study finds ‘stable’ soil carbon degrades
After nearly four decades, the world’s longest-running soil warming experiment is revealing a surprising result: even ‘stable’ carbon in forest soils can break down as temperatures rise, releasing more CO₂ into the atmosphere.
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NewsLifestyle, diet, and clinical factors shape the gut microbiome in cancer patients
Lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and dietary modifications can beneficially modulate the gut microbiome of cancer patients - however their effects are often shaped by non-modifiable variables.
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NewsStick-on gel offers new way to treat and monitor plants
Scientists have developed an adhesive gel that can be loaded with substances, such as small molecule drugs or nanoparticles, and applied directly onto a plant to deliver those materials into its tissues. In tests, a gel loaded with antibiotics cleared a bacterial infection in a plant within about 48 hours.
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NewsBeyond outbreaks: zoonotic disease prevention at the human–animal interface in China
A study synthesizes evidence on 93 zoonotic diseases currently monitored by China’s public health, agricultural, and forestry sectors, and argues that meaningful risk reduction will require shifting from reactive outbreak response toward earlier prevention at the human–animal–environment interface.
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NewsNew study suggests reduced newborn hepatitis B vaccination coverage may increase infant infections
Researchers found that lower vaccination coverage among infants born to unscreened mothers was associated with a substantial increase in HBV infections.
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NewsWhere people get their news influences their beliefs about vaccines
People who follow “new right” media outlets are more than twice as likely to be vaccine-hesitant compared to those who never engage with those outlets, a new study finds. Hesitant adults were more likely to rely on non-authoritative sources for health information.
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NewsGlobal Virus Network statement on H5N1 vaccine developments
The new vaccine momentum reflects the growing urgency of avian influenza (H5N1) threat and reinforces the need for coordinated global preparedness.
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NewsResearchers discover new mosquito-specific viruses
A new study looked at mosquitoes’ immune response to discover many more insect viruses. Researchers hope to someday use the mosquitoes’ own immune system to battle some of the most pervasive and antagonistic human viruses.
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NewsAssociation of changes in portal insulin with immunometabolism during and after hepatitis C virus infection
A new study aims to investigate the relationship between insulin, the gut-liver axis, and immunometabolic changes in patients with hepatitis C virus. Lower portal insulin during HCVi is associated with changes consistent with altered pancreatic insulin secretion and decreased hepatic insulin extraction.
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NewsScientists highlight the cost of delaying childhood vaccination
Delaying hepatitis B vaccination after birth increases infections among newborns and decreases their survival rates and quality of life. A new study found that the longer the delay, the higher the cost in human life and health care.
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NewsA universal toolkit for editing bacterial DNA
A major collaboration involving nine labs has transferred a particularly useful DNA editing system from E. coli into 14 new species of bacteria, spanning three major branches of the bacterial family tree.
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NewsHow AI can help us count the ‘good’ viruses used in biopharmaceuticals
Researchers have developed a new methodology that uses artificial intelligence (AI) tools to identify and count target viruses more efficiently than previous techniques. The new approach can be used in applications such as pharmaceutical biomanufacturing.
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NewsGut microbiota impacts resistance to bacterial pneumonia: Study
A gut-lung connection influences susceptibility to infection by Acinetobacter baumannii, according to a new study. Investigators found that antibiotics disrupt the gut microbiota, suppress protective immune system pathways in the lungs; and increase the severity of pneumonia.
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NewsStudy of influenza D in human cells and tissue hints at spillover potential
The influenza D virus that researchers say has been flying under the radar since its detection in animals in 2011 can vigorously make copies of itself in human cells and lung tissue samples, a new study shows.
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NewsResearchers develop promising new vaccine against H5N1 bird flu
Researchers have developed a vaccine approach that shows promise in protecting against highly pathogenic bird flu, demonstrating strong efficacy in both mice and cattle. In 2024, the virus spread to dairy cattle and subsequently caused illness in about 70 farm workers with close contact to infected animals.
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NewsAmbient air pollution is associated with respiratory infection burden in the first year of life
Ambient air pollution is associated with respiratory infection burden in the first year of life, according to preliminary findings from the Immune Development in Early Life (IDEaL) Rome Cohort.
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NewsDrip-irrigated halotolerant PGPB boost jujube yield and quality in saline soils by reshaping soil bacterial communities
A new study demonstrates that applying halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) via drip irrigation during the crop growth period can effectively alleviate soil salinity stress, enhance jujube productivity and fruit quality, and restructure rhizosphere bacterial communities in saline agricultural soils.
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NewsCOVID-19 and severe heart attack increase mortality by 25% after one year, more than double pre-pandemic rates
Findings from the North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction (NACMI) registry demonstrate significantly higher one-year mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared to patients with STEMI alone.
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NewsNew study examines measles vaccination coverage after a postelimination outbreak
In 2022–2023, a large postelimination measles outbreak occurred in central Ohio. A study found that 20 months after the outbreak, MMR coverage across the entire primary care network (PCN) population remained well below herd immunity levels, with minimal gains.
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NewsTiny switch controls rare rotary machine in bacteria - and can even reverse direction of spin
Researchers have discovered a tiny molecular switch that can control and reverse the direction of a rare rotary machine linked to motility, surface colonization and protein secretion in bacteria.