All USA & Canada articles – Page 35
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NewsStudy suggests some maternal HIV infections may be missed during pregnancy
Newborns exposed to HIV during pregnancy or birth should receive antiretroviral medication immediately after delivery - but a study finds more than half of infants diagnosed with HIV in their first year of life had not received this essential postnatal treatment.
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NewsResearchers explore ways to better safeguard romaine supply from E coli outbreaks
E. coli outbreaks in romaine lettuce have long been a public health concern. and now a new paper suggests that a combination of efforts in the field, and even postharvest techniques, can minimize risk to human health.
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NewsBacterial genomes hold clues for creating personalized probiotics
A new study demonstrates the ability to predict the nutritional adaptations of Bifidobacterium strains by analyzing the distribution of hundreds of metabolic genes in thousands of Bifidobacterium genomes.
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NewsModel can calculate the often hidden costs of fungicide resistance
An international research team has developed a mathematical model that can be used to calculate the economic and often hidden costs of fungicide resistance. They used a model that can be used to calculate the spread of fungal diseases in several fields.
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NewsHarmful algae blooms have secret to success over other algaes
An alga that threatens freshwater ecosystems and is toxic to vertebrates has a sneaky way of ensuring its success: It suppresses the growth of algal competitors by releasing chemicals that deprive them of a vital vitamin.
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NewsBiologicals vs. biostimulants: study clarifies crop input confusion
Scientists have published a commentary on use of biologicals and biostimulants in agriculture, calling for more nuanced labelling and regulation.
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NewsDelicious but damaging invasive golden oyster mushrooms are decreasing fungal community richness
The golden oyster mushroom has spread rapidly throughout the US since escaping from cultivation into the wild. Ecosystems invaded by the golden oyster support less diversity of fungal species and smaller numbers of native fungal species.
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NewsAvian flu has major economic costs for dairy industry
A new paper shows that the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus causes severe mastitis and decreased milk production in dairy cows, a drop-off that may extend beyond the clinical outbreak period.
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NewsIn hard-to-treat form of tuberculosis, shorter, gentler therapy shows unequal benefit
A first-ever clinical trial exclusively conducted among people with a hard-to-treat form of tuberculosis known as pre-extensively drug-resistant TB shows many patients benefit from shorter, simpler regimens.
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NewsDisease-causing bacteria can deal with stink as long as they get a meal
Bacteria that cause intestinal infections typically avoid a stinky chemical — one that can kill them at high enough concentrations — inside human intestines, but they may actually swim toward it when a hearty meal is the reward.
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NewsNew study reveals how corals teach their offspring to beat the heat
A new study shows that rice coral, an important reef-building species, passes on thermal resistance to their offspring and avoids coral bleaching. Understanding this is important to building healthier coral reefs and protecting their future.
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NewsSimple rules govern soil microbiome responses to environmental change
New research shows that a deceptively simple mathematical model can describe how the soil responds to environmental change. Using just two variables, the model shows that changes in pH levels consistently result in three distinct metabolic states of the community.
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NewsNitrogen may limit natural climate solutions
A global inventory reveals nitrogen is in shorter supply than previously thought in natural areas, which could limit carbon storage in plants and soils.
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NewsHidden bacterial redundancy could be antibiotic game-changer
Staphylococcus aureus possesses a surprising level of metabolic redundancy, allowing it to survive even when key enzymes are knocked out, a new study finds. However, when two specific enzymes are removed, staph doesn’t infect its host as readily.
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NewsRNA viruses may differentially shape carbon recycling in the ocean
A new study has uncovered that certain ocean viruses—specifically RNA viruses—may disrupt how carbon and nutrients are recycled in the ocean, potentially altering the global carbon cycle.
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NewsHow superfungus Candida auris rebuilds its cell walls to withstand antifungal treatment
A groundbreaking study has revealed how the multidrug-resistant superfungus Candida auris uniquely reconstructs its cell wall to survive antifungal treatments.
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NewsResearchers uncover the antiviral potential of defensins
Scientists have discovered that certain defensins - tiny proteins with powerful antimicrobial potential - could block the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) from entering human cells.
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NewsMichael Danquah named Fellow of Royal Society of Biology
Michael Danquah, a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the associate dean for academic and student affairs at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, has been elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology.
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NewsAI finds hundreds of potential antibiotics in snake and spider venom
Researchers used a deep-learning system to sift through a database of more than 40 million venom encrypted peptides (VEPs). In a matter of hours, the algorithm flagged 386 compounds with the molecular hallmarks of next-generation antibiotics.
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NewsReview suggests ending adult boosters for tetanus, diphtheria
The United States could safely drop tetanus and diphtheria booster shots for adults and save an estimated $1 billion a year, according to a new review. The safety and savings depend on maintaining strong childhood vaccination rates, researchers emphasized.