All Research News articles – Page 8
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NewsResearchers may now understand why chikungunya virus infections turn chronic
About half of people infected with chikungunya virus will progress to a chronic form of the disease. A new study finds that chikungunya virus persists in joint-associated macrophages, a specialized type of white blood cell that helps the body defend against pathogens.
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NewsColorectal cancer risk linked to gut microbiome alterations
A study finds that more than a decade after removal of an adenoma from the colon, the gut microbiome still partly resembles that observed in colorectal cancer (CRC).
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NewsNew study finds neighborhood-level sampling could close equity gap in wastewater disease surveillance
Researchers working with New York State’s wastewater surveillance network found that while the system does a reasonably fair job of including vulnerable populations, it struggles in larger populations when an outbreak is starting, which is when it matters most.
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NewsScientists fight antimicrobial resistance by treating diseases with human antibodies
In a review, researchers highlight the promise of using human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to treat patients more effectively and tackle AMR. They say AMR needs to be addressed with multiple and differentiated strategies, and vaccines and mAbs are the most promising tools.
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NewsPlants predictably select growth boosting microbes regardless of soil type
Soil obtained from across nine UK locations was used to cultivate six key arable crops. Researchers found that although the local soil environment selected which kinds of bacteria were present, the crop species determined the beneficial microbial functions of those bacteria.
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NewsLong Covid burden continues to grow, doubling current surveillance estimates, multi-hospital study shows
Investigators using a novel AI algorithm to comb through medical records of patients with COVID-19 in U.S. hospitals, found around one in six developed long COVID. These rates are twofold higher than current estimates.
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NewsMaternal infection: A critical driver of offspring cardiac dysfunction
A new study reveals that maternal infection causes severe metabolic disturbances within the offspring’s heart, most notably enriching differentially expressed genes in lipid, energy, and amino acid metabolism. The infection also heavily suppressed cardiac cell proliferation.
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NewsGut microbe found to worsen sepsis by triggering hyperinflammatory immune responses
Researchers have identified a specific gut microbial group that can dramatically worsen sepsis by excessively sensitizing immune cells. Genetically identical mice showed strikingly different infection outcomes depending on the composition of their gut microbiota.
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NewsHeart health may have impacted the risk of severe COVID-19 infection during the pandemic
Adults with highest heart health scores at the beginning of the pandemic were nearly half as likely to be hospitalized or die from COVID-19 when compared to those with the lowest scores, according to new research.
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NewsDog daycare leptospirosis outbreak in Los Angeles reveals broader public health risks
A 2021 outbreak of leptospirosis that sickened more than 200 dogs in Los Angeles County reveals critical gaps in vaccination practices and raises broader concerns about the spread of the disease between animals and people.
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NewsScientists determine how mysterious acids give bacteria their shape
Researchers have discovered how acids on the surface of bacteria give these microscopic organisms their characteristic “rod” shape—by keeping an enzyme at bay that would otherwise turn the cylindrical cells into shape-shifting blobs.
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NewsScientists identify nearly two dozen antiviral compounds that could treat Ebola virus
Recent advances in artificial intelligence have enabled scientists to identify nearly two dozen antiviral compounds that could potentially treat a rare species of Ebola virus (Bundibugyo virus) currently affecting the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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NewsStudies point to new way to fight potentially deadly Valley Fever
To better understand why Valley Fever spreads in some individuals, researchers found that patients with severe illness had an abnormal immune response. In some cases, the immune system was overactive; in other cases it was underactive.
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NewsGut microbiome clusters may help predict inflammatory bowel disease severity and progression
A new study reports that the gut microbiome of IBD patients can be grouped into distinct compositional “cluster types” associated with disease severity and progression risk. These reflect higher-order microbial community organization rather than variation in individual bacterial species.
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NewsExperimental gene therapy shields brain from toxic protein damage
An experimental gene therapy could help protect the brain from the damage and cognitive decline linked to TDP-43-related proteinopathy, a type of neurodegeneration.
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NewsNorth America and Europe could become hotspots for chikungunya virus due to climate change
Enabled by global heating, mosquito-borne chikungunya virus is likely to spread into temperate regions. Under climate change models, the virus will further expand northward into temperate regions, especially northeastern North America, central Europe, and East Asia, researchers say.
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NewsBrazilian medical students increase vaccine confidence
Vaccination coverage in Brazil has declined in recent years. Medical students at the University of Pernambuco designed and delivered a low-cost, two-hour educational intervention for 25 parents and caregivers waiting for routine appointments at a Family Health Unit in Recife.
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NewsAutomated EHR alert improved hepatitis B monitoring rates at a primary care clinic
In May 2024, an urban safety-net primary care clinic noted the appearance of a new “care gap” alert in their Epic electronic health record (EHR) system that flagged patients with hepatitis B who were overdue for one blood test, the hepatitis B DNA test.
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NewsYeast study uncovers how cells identify and silence unwanted jumping genes
Yeast cells sense abnormal RNA patterns produced by invading transposons and respond by activating pathways to silence them, a study shows. This process extends to any invasive DNA, provided it produces enough RNA disturbance for cells to detect.
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NewsICU pneumonia has mortality rates of 37% to nearly 60% in middle-income countries. In high-income countries, rates are16% to 26%
A scientific review evaluated outcomes of adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in middle-income countries. In contrast to high-income countries, where mortality ranges from 16% to 26%, the study found significantly higher rates in the countries analyzed.